Why was kymograph invented?
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Carl Ludwig designed the kymograph, or wave writer, in 1847 (Figure 1). Its initial purpose was to improve Poiseuille's manometer, which Ludwig used for the registration of blood pressure in experimental animals [11].
What is the use of Kymograph?
invention by Ludwig
In 1847 he invented the kymograph, a cylindrical drum used to record muscular motion, changes in blood pressure, and other physiological phenomena. He also made significant contributions to the physiology of circulation and urine secretion.
What is the composition of fixing solution used for Kymograph paper?
This was carried out by carefully separating the smoked paper from the drum carrying the smoked paper in both hands and passing slowly moving the paper in a puddle of fixing solution consisting of alcoholic solution of shellac, colophony resin or other varnishing solution.
How the fixing solution is prepared?
- fixing agent: sodium/ammonium thiosulfate, dissolves unexposed silver.
- hardener: potassium alum, to harden the gelatin emulsion in film.
- acidifier: sulfuric/acetic acid, to remove any residual alkalinity from previous developing.
What is the composition of fixing solution?
Fixation is commonly achieved by treating the film or paper with a solution of thiosulfate salt. Popular salts are sodium thiosulfate—commonly called hypo—and ammonium thiosulfate—commonly used in modern rapid fixer formulae.
How Was Video Invented?
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What is a Kymograph in biology?
A kymograph (from Greek κῦμα, swell or wave + γραφή, writing; also called a kymographion) is a device that draws a graphical representation of spatial position over time in which a spatial axis represents time. ... The kymograph almost immediately became the central instrument in physiology and physiology education.
What is the speed requirement for Sherringtons recording device?
Sherrington Recording Drum (Non-Digital Display)
Maintenance free: Microprocessor based system and no complicated gear system. Most suitable for under-graduate students. Highly accurate speeds-0.12, 0.25, 0.50, 0.75, 1.00, 1.25, 2.50 mm/sec.
What is the principle of Kymograph?
The principle of kymograph is to blood pressure monitoring.
The lineal representation of spatial location over time in the form of a sheet wrapped drum that is revolving and in which the movement of a stylus records the change in pressure and motion, is named as 'kymograph'.
What is the use of organ bath assembly?
The organ bath is a traditional experimental set-up that is commonly used to investigate the physiology and pharmacology of in vitro tissue preparations. Perfused tissues can be maintained for several hours in a temperature controlled organ bath.
What liquid is used to develop photos?
A stop bath, typically a dilute solution of acetic acid or citric acid, halts the action of the developer. A rinse with clean water may be substituted. The fixer makes the image permanent and light-resistant by dissolving remaining silver halide. A common fixer is hypo, specifically ammonium thiosulfate.
Which chemicals are used in photography?
Silver chloride, silver bromide (AgBr) and silver iodide (AgI) are the three silver "halide" compounds used in photography. The halide elements include fluorine (F), chlorine (Cl), bromine (Br) and iodine (I).
Why is guinea pig ileum used in experiments?
Guinea Pig Ileum
Its aim is to enable the exploration of the effects of drugs and electrical stimulation on the release of, and response to, neurotransmitters in the enteric nervous system.
What is PSS in pharmacology?
Physiological salt solution. • PSS is artificially prepared solution used to maintain tissues in viable state. • PSS can be used to keep isolated tissue alive under experimental condition.
Which lever is used for experiment of rectus abdominis muscle of frog?
For recording purpose, use an isotonic lever with a sideway writing point which will be tangential to the smoked drum and also be balanced with a tension of 2.5 gm with an extra load of 1 gm on the long arm.
What is the function of the rectus abdominis in a frog?
Terms in this set (11)
are used in the breathing process of frogs. Their function is similar The the function of rectus abdominis, which is to compress the lungs and force the air out. is a thin strap-shaped muscle that covers the posterior edge of the thigh. It originates on the pubis and inserts on the tibiofibular.
What is the effect of physostigmine on DRC of ACh?
Physostigmine increased the levels of ACh in whole brain from 24.5--28.0 nmol/g(P less than 0.001) whereas there was no significant increase in striatum. The levels of Ch were also increased. The turnover rate of ACh was decreased in whole brain from 15.4 to 8.4 and in striatum from 52.9 to 24.4 nmol/g . min.
Where is the rectus abdominis found?
The rectus abdominis muscle is located in the front of the body, beginning at the pubic bone and ending at the sternum. It is located inside the abdominal region.